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Oral Health and Whole Body Health

Your Tooth Hurts. The Problem Might Be Your Sinus, Your Jaw, or Your Heart.

Your face is badly wired. Pain from four different places all report to the same address, and your brain guesses at the source. Sometimes it guesses tooth.

Read this part first

Jaw pain can be a heart attack. Call 911, not us.

The American Heart Association lists jaw pain among the warning signs of a heart attack, alongside the arms, back, neck and stomach. Women are more likely than men to get jaw or back pain instead of the classic chest pain everybody pictures. Some people have upper body pain with no chest discomfort at all.

Call 911 immediately if jaw or tooth pain comes with any of these:

  • Chest pressure, squeezing, fullness or pain
  • Shortness of breath, with or without chest discomfort
  • A cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness
  • Pain that also runs into an arm, the back, neck or stomach
  • Pain that starts or worsens when you exert yourself and eases when you rest

Do not drive yourself. Do not wait to see if it passes. The AHA is blunt about this: even if you are not sure it is a heart attack, get it checked. Minutes matter, and paramedics can start treating you before you reach a hospital.

Call 911

Source: Warning Signs of a Heart Attack, American Heart Association.

With that out of the way, the everyday version. Most tooth pain is a tooth. But a meaningful share of the people who limp into a dental office convinced they need a root canal have a mouth full of perfectly healthy teeth, and something else going on entirely.

The reason is anatomical and slightly absurd. Your upper teeth, your sinuses, your jaw joint and the nerve carrying signals from your chest all converge on overlapping wiring. Your brain receives a pain signal and has to guess where it came from. It guesses tooth a lot, because teeth are memorable.

01

Your Sinuses Sit Directly On Your Molar Roots

There is no gap. The floor of the maxillary sinus rests against the root tips of your upper back teeth, sometimes with the roots poking up into it. Inflate that sinus with pressure and the teeth underneath ache.

This runs both ways, and the direction people miss is the dental one. Dental infections account for more than 40 percent of maxillary sinusitis cases, and up to 75 percent of chronic sinusitis affecting only one side. That is a tooth causing a sinus infection, not the reverse.

The uncomfortable part for my profession: routine dental exams using standard periapical x-rays have been shown to miss odontogenic sinusitis in as many as 86 percent of cases. If you have had a one sided sinus infection that keeps returning and antibiotics keep not fixing, there is a decent chance nobody has looked at the right thing.

Sorting it out

The rough differential a dentist runs. Not a substitute for someone looking in your mouth, but it will tell you who to call.

How many
One tooth. You can usually point at it, even if you are wrong by one.
Character
Sharp, jolting, sometimes throbbing. Wakes you up at night.
Triggers
Cold, heat, sweet things, or biting down on that one spot.
The tell
Tapping that tooth reproduces it exactly. Tapping its neighbours does not.
Who to call
A dentist, and sooner rather than later.

Sources: Expert consensus on odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, International Journal of Oral Science, and Maxillary Sinusitis of Endodontic Origin, American Association of Endodontists.

02

The Numbers Worth Keeping

0%+

of maxillary sinusitis cases are driven by a dental infection, not a cold

0%

of chronic sinusitis on one side only may have a dental origin

0%

of these cases missed by routine dental x-rays in published studies

A dentist who finds nothing on your x-ray is not failing. They are telling you the answer is in a different room.

The Clenching Nobody Admits To

The other big impostor is your jaw joint and the muscles running it. People clench in their sleep and have no idea, and the pain lands in the back teeth because that is where the force goes.

The giveaway is timing. If it is worst when you wake up, eases through the morning, and flares in weeks when everything is on fire at work, your teeth are fine and your masseter is doing overtime. That is still a dental problem, because that force cracks real teeth eventually, but it is not a cavity and no filling will touch it.

What To Do With All This

Do not diagnose yourself off a blog. The point of this one is narrower: know that a toothache has a differential, so that when someone cannot find a cavity you understand that is information rather than incompetence.

If you are in pain, get seen. Tapping a few teeth, an x-ray and five minutes of questions sorts most of this out. And if it turns out to be your sinus, we will say so, which is cheaper for you than a root canal on a healthy tooth.

If it started today and it is bad, that is what same-day appointments exist for. Call in the morning rather than deciding at 9pm that you will give it one more night.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Can jaw pain be a heart attack?

Yes. The American Heart Association lists pain or discomfort in the jaw among the warning signs of a heart attack, alongside the arms, back, neck and stomach. Women are more likely than men to have jaw or back pain rather than classic chest pain. If jaw pain arrives suddenly, comes with chest pressure, shortness of breath, nausea, a cold sweat or lightheadedness, or gets worse when you exert yourself, call 911. Do not call a dentist and do not drive yourself.

How do I know if my toothache is a sinus problem?

Sinus related tooth pain usually involves several upper back teeth at once rather than one, feels like dull pressure rather than a sharp jolt, and gets worse when you bend forward or move your head. It often arrives with a cold or congestion. A true tooth problem is normally one tooth, sharper, and reacts to cold or biting. A dentist can tap individual teeth to tell the difference in about a minute.

Can a tooth infection cause a sinus infection?

Yes, and more often than most people realise. Dental infections account for more than 40 percent of maxillary sinusitis cases, and up to 75 percent of chronic sinusitis affecting only one side. The roots of the upper back teeth sit directly against the floor of the sinus. If your sinus infection is one sided, keeps coming back, or has not responded to antibiotics, a tooth is a genuine suspect.

Why does my tooth hurt when nothing is wrong with it?

Because the nerves in your face share wiring. Pain from a sinus, a jaw joint, a clenching muscle or in rare cases the heart can all be felt as coming from a tooth, since your brain is guessing at the source. This is called referred pain and it is why a dentist who cannot find anything on the x-ray is not missing something. They are telling you the answer is somewhere else.

One more time, because it is the only part of this that could actually matter: jaw pain with chest pressure, breathlessness, sweating or nausea is a 911 call. Everything else on this page can wait until Tuesday.

Same-Day Appointments

If It Hurts, Let Someone Actually Look

Tapping a few teeth and an x-ray sorts out most of this in one visit. Call early in the day and we will work you in.

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